Global and regional estimates of violence against women: prevalence and health impacts of intimate partner violence and non-partner sexual violence. [a] In 1960, Portugal was ruled by the Estado Novo government of Antnio de Oliveira Salazar. The main purpose of the ISLJ is to provide vital legal analysis, insightful commentary, and important information to those interested in or impacted by sports and the law whether academics, practitioners, sports officials, sports enthusiasts, or others about legally relevant developments in the world of sport from national and international perspectives. [23], The organization was awarded the 1977 Nobel Peace Prize for its "defence of human dignity against torture"[24] and the United Nations Prize in the Field of Human Rights in 1978. The stated mission of the organization is to campaign for "a world in which every person enjoys all transcript Verlag. Overall, the majority of scales (8 of 15, 53%) inclusive of justification for violence were positively associated with perpetration of violence. The journal is essential reading for all academics, decision-makers, and security specialists concerned with understanding political violence. Women may suffer isolation, inability to work, loss of wages, lack of participation in regular activities and limited ability "Bright, Martin, "Gita Sahgal: A Statement", "Joan Smith: Amnesty shouldn't support men like Moazzam Begg; A prisoner of conscience can turn into an apologist for extremism,", "Is Amnesty International Supporting a Jihadist? For example, population-based estimates from six countries in Asia and the Pacific documented lifetime estimates ranging between 25.4% of men in rural Indonesia to 80.0% in Bougainville, Papua New Guinea [3]. AID-OAA-A-13-00087. Supporting countries and partners to implement the global plan of action on violence and monitoring progress including through documentation of lessons learned. It is well-documented that patients religious characteristics may affect their health and health care experiences, correlating with better health and psychological well-being. Important to note are several methodological limitations to this review. That is, views on gender role / norm measures inclusive of views on violence against women or which reflected male sexual entitlement to women were more consistently associated with IPV perpetration than measures that did not include these content areas. More than one-third of studies took place in Asia or the Pacific, while about 20% were located in North America, Latin America and Sub-Saharan Africa, respectively. The organization condemned "the instrumentalization of the press release by the Russian authorities" and promised that the report will be verified by independent experts. Our multimedia service, through this new integrated single platform, updates throughout the day, in text, audio and video also making use of quality images and other media from across the UN The International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology (IJCHP) publishes manuscripts with a basic and applied emphasis, including experimental, clinical and theoretical work contributing to the advancement of Clinical and Health Psychology. Meanwhile, the mainstream fashion industry has included options targeting the modest Muslim female market further, adding to changes in the representation and perception of the hijab. Our review also identified salient research gaps. ; High Visibility: indexed within Scopus, AHCI (Web of Science), ATLA Religion Database, Religious and Theological Articles were identified using key term searches of five electronic databases: Pubmed, EconLit, SocIndex, POPLine and Womens Studies International. The prevalence estimates of lifetime intimate partner [100], In August 2020, Amnesty International expressed concerns about what it called the "widespread torture of peaceful protesters" and treatment of detainees in Belarus. Our findings suggest the importance of validated scales which include views on the acceptance of violence against women and male sexual entitlement in measuring determinants of male IPV perpetration. Welcome to Gale North America. The 1986 Conspiracy of Hope tour, which played five concerts in the US, and culminated in a daylong show, featuring some thirty-odd acts at Giants Stadium, and the 1988 Human Rights Now! Her testimony aired on ABC's Nightline and NBC Nightly News reaching an estimated audience between 35 and 53million Americans. Aside from the work of the library and groups, Amnesty International's activities were expanding to helping prisoners' families, sending observers to trials, making representations to governments, and finding asylum or overseas employment for prisoners. It says that it does not accept donations from governments or governmental organizations. These can also be associated with perpetrating or experiencing violence later in life. This particular scale was the only relationship power/control measure to reference sexual behavior (among other aspects of partner control in the relationship), although these items reflected behavioral and emotional expectations rather than explicit behaviors (e.g., When I want sex, I expect my partner to agree, If my partner asked me to use a condom, I would get angry). Both tours featured some of the most famous musicians and bands of the day. One high quality, multi-country study which examined acceptance of violence against women in eight low and middle-income countries (LMIC) found the positive association with physical IPV also varied by setting (a significant positive association was observed in 4 of 8 countries) [17]. [185] From the very beginning, research and campaigning were present in Amnesty International's work. Introduction. ", This page was last edited on 17 November 2022, at 00:12. The "Appeal for Amnesty" was reprinted by a large number of international newspapers. The ISLJ welcomes manuscripts in English language, and maintains an impressive Editorial Board of international experts. Of multi-item scales, the majority (69%, N = 27) reported some indicator of scale internal consistency reliability that was considered acceptable (e.g., Cronbachs alpha 0.70), 10% (N = 4) reported a Cronbachs alpha of <0.70, and 20% (N = 8) of multi-item scales did not report any measure of reliability among the sample population. There is an evolving conversation about peace and nonviolence that occurs among secular scholars, religious figures, and activists. Similarly, half of measures which included situation-specific justifications (6 of 12 measures) were associated with perpetration in at least one instance. Thus, the Abrahamic religions have come to center on precepts involving mans relationship with God and an occupation with spirituality. Amnesty reported that following the arrests Egyptian Coordination for Rights and Freedoms (ECRF) decided to suspend its activities due to the hostile environment towards civil society in the country. The scope of the journal encompasses research articles, original research reports, reviews, short communications and scientific commentaries in the fields of applied and theoretical sciences, biology, chemistry, physics, zoology, medical [101] The organization also said that more than 1,100 people were killed by bandits in rural communities in northern Nigeria during the first six months of 2020. While we accounted for statistical control for covariates in our quality assessment, there is the potential for uncontrolled confounding to remain in reviewed studies. The IJCHP aims to target four core domains: clinical psychology and psychotherapy, psychopathology, health psychology Held not to raise funds but to increase awareness of both the Universal Declaration of Human Rights on its 40th anniversary and the work of Amnesty International, the shows featured Bruce Springsteen and the E Street Band, Sting, Peter Gabriel, Tracy Chapman, and Youssou N'Dour, plus guest artists from each of the countries where concerts were held. At the intergovernmental level, Amnesty International argued in favour of creating a United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights (established 1993) and an International Criminal Court (established 2002). Injury Prevention publishes original research, opinion, debate and special features on the prevention of unintentional, occupational and intentional (violence-related) injuries. [91], In April 2019, Amnesty International's deputy director for research in Europe, Massimo Moratti, warned that if extradited to the United States, WikiLeaks founder Julian Assange would face the "risk of serious human rights violations, namely detention conditions, which could violate the prohibition of torture".[92]. James Lynch, Head of Arms Control and Human Rights at Amnesty International, said: "This historic treaty brings us a step closer to a world free from the horrors of nuclear weapons, the most destructive and indiscriminate weapons ever created. Amnesty International (also referred to as Amnesty or AI) is an international non-governmental organization focused on human rights, with its headquarters in the United Kingdom. Breaking news, live coverage, investigations, analysis, video, photos and opinions from The Washington Post. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0207091.g001. Both Adorno and the pre-Qin Daoists were in the midst of social collapse. Following several reports that labelled Amnesty a toxic workplace, in October 2019 five of the seven high-paid senior directors at Amnesty's international secretariat in London left the organization with "generous" redundancy packages. Nearly all (20) studies were observational and used a cross-sectional design. [234][235], In 1977, Amnesty International was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize for "having contributed to securing the ground for freedom, for justice, and thereby also for peace in the world". [97] Amnesty International accused the European Union of "using the framing of the far right" by linking migration with security.[98]. ", Previously, accusations of Amnesty's management's bias came from a worker at the organization's International Secretariat. Welcome to Gale North America. Midwifery publishes the latest peer reviewed international research to inform the safety, quality, outcomes and experiences of pregnancy, birth and maternity care for childbearing women, their babies and families. [203][205] Sahgal argued that by associating with Begg and Cageprisoners, Amnesty was risking its reputation on human rights. [165][166] Seven senators cited Nayirah's testimony in their speeches backing the use of force. Amnesty International's vision is of a world in which every person enjoys all of the human rights enshrined in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and other international human rights standards. They were secretly supported by the British government at the time. One high-quality study implemented the GEM scale in eight countries, adapted for each setting [17]. Globally, an estimated 30% of ever-partnered women and girls have experienced physical or sexual IPV, with reported lifetime estimates as high as 71% among women in Ethiopia [1,2].At the same time, a substantial proportion of men report perpetration of After Occom, Indian authors in the nineteenth century such as Elias Boudinot and William Apess drew upon the Bible to make arguments against removal and scientific racism. In the twentieth century writers like Zitkala-a and Charles Alexander Eastman cast a critical eye on Christianity and reconsidered the virtues of traditionalism. It is the official journal of the Society for Advancement of Violence and Injury Research (SAVIR). The overarching conclusions of the June 2022 investigation by GHPO are that:", Furthermore, the independent investigation accuses AIUK of the existence of a "white savior and colonialist" complex (p.20) with an "intolerant, bullying culture" (p.74). Amnesty apologised for "poor timing" which had allowed the Kremlin to "weaponise" the controversy against Navalny's supporters. Most measures reflected behavioral practices, however anticipated emotional reactions (e.g., jealousy) towards a partners actions were also included in the scales, (e.g., I would be upset if someone hugged my partner a little too long) [47]. The relationship between IPV and the components of the gender system has been well-documented. [84], On 30 October 2018, Amnesty called for the arrest and prosecution of Nigerian security forces claiming that they used excessive force against Shi'a protesters during a peaceful religious procession around Abuja, Nigeria. Yes They also co-ordinate basic activities but have a smaller membership and a limited staff. Amnesty's decision was described by western media as "a huge victory for Russian state propaganda" which undermined Amnesty's support of Navalny's release. The purpose of the tour was not to raise funds but rather to increase awareness of human rights and of Amnesty's work on its 25th anniversary. In addition to leading the recovery period of the international secretariat, the Board also has to recruit a new Secretary General, manage costs, develop a new global strategy, and ensure delivery of Amnesty's activities. [94] The filing states that "staff of Amnesty International have an ongoing and well-founded fear they may continue to be targeted and ultimately surveilled"[95] by NSO technology. Eight people, including Idil Eser, Amnesty International director in Turkey, as well as German Peter Steudtner and Swede Ali Gharavi, were arrested. The Experience of Prophecy and the Metaphysics of Providence in Aquinas, The Distinctiveness of Christian Gratitude: A Theological Survey, Relationship-oriented questions have always been at the crossroads of ethnoreligious identity, religious freedom, religious conversion, religious prejudice, and religious pluralism throughout Muslim-Buddhist co-existence in the sixth century within the Malay Archipelago. Since joining the council, Saudi Arabia's dire human rights record at home has continued to deteriorate and the coalition it leads has unlawfully killed and injured thousands of civilians in the conflict in Yemen. Religions is an international, interdisciplinary, peer-reviewed, open access journal on religions and theology, published monthly online by MDPI.. Open Access free for readers, with article processing charges (APC) paid by authors or their institutions. 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